Unix | Arts Computing Office | University of 蓝莓视频

Unix is an operating system that uses a command-line interface instead of a Graphic User Interface (GUI), like Windows. It is a powerful and stable operating system.

Logging onto a Unix account

Contact the Arts Computing Office (ACO) if you are not sure if you have a Unix account.
To log in:
1. Run a Secure Shell Client (SSH) program such as PuTTY (available on all Nexus machines under Start Menu/Programs/Internet Tools/Remote Login).聽
2. Enter the server/host name and click the Open button.
3. Enter your聽userid and password when prompted.

General session commands

Command	Command Action
logout	Finish Unix session ("exit" can also be used)
clear	Clear the terminal screen
passwd	Changes your password
history	contains in its storage all the previous commands you typed at the shell prompt
!听command	rerun command
!!	rerun last command
man command	manual for Unix commands (note: while informative, these can be very long)
尘补苍听-办听肠辞尘尘补苍诲	look up a command (used only in聽Watarts) ?
command \| more	scrolls a page one at a time
肠补濒听year	prints a calendar for current month, or the year specified
date	displays the date
stty聽erase (press the Backspace key)	uses "backspace" to delete letters or characters (instead of "delete")

File commands

Command	Command Action
ls	list all files in a directory
lc	list all files and shows files and directories聽seperately; this is especially useful as Unix files don't always have extensions as in Windows, and it might be hard to other differentiate between files and directories
濒蝉听-补	list files, including .xxx (configuration) files
濒蝉听-迟	list files by time last modified, most recent first
濒蝉听-补lt	濒颈蝉迟听all聽files in long format, sorted by time last modified and with more informative information such as file permissions and date last modified
尝蝉听-肠丑*	list files whose names start with聽ch聽(can look for any聽expession聽or characters)
肠诲听directory name	move to the specified directory;聽cd ..聽moves to the directory directly above your last one
pwd	report the directory you are currently in
尘办诲颈谤听new directory name	make a directory
肠诲听directory	change directory
谤尘诲颈谤听directory	remove directory
肠辫听-谤听诲颈谤别肠迟辞谤测1听诲颈谤别肠迟辞谤测2	copies聽directory1聽and everything in it to聽directory2
du	outputs number of kilobytes used by each subdirectory (useful in deciding which files to delete)
quota -v	checks allocated amount of disk space and how much has been used up to date
df	checks space left on file system
谤尘听蹿颈濒别苍补尘别	delete a file
尘惫听蹿颈濒别1听蹿颈濒别2	rename or move聽file1聽to聽file2
肠辫听蹿颈濒别1听蹿颈濒别2	肠辞辫测听蹿颈濒别1听迟辞听蹿颈濒别2
飞肠听-飞听蹿颈濒别苍补尘别	counts the number of words in a file named filename
grep聽keyword filename	searches through a text file for a keyword or an expression
spell filename	check spelling of file

Printing command

Command	Command Action
濒辫谤听filename	prints filename to default printer