Work-integrated learning (WIL) is a model and process of curricular experiential education which formally and intentionally integrates a student’s academic studies within a workplace or practice setting. WIL experiences include an engaged partnership of at least: an academic institution, a host organization and a student. WIL can occur at the course or program level and includes the development of learning outcomes related to employability, personal agency and life-long learning ().
The following chart illustrates structural differences between the various types of work-integrated learning (WIL). The information included in the chart builds on the work of  (2016, PDF).
|
Type |
Competitive recruitment process |
Paid |
Full-time |
Academic credit |
Mandatory |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Applied research projects |
Yes/No |
Yes/No |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes/No |
|
Apprenticeship |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes/No |
|
|
Field placement |
No |
No |
No |
Yes |
Yes/No |
|
Entrepreneurship |
No |
Self-funded |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes/No |
|
Internship |
Yes |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes/No |
|
Mandatory professional practicum/clinical placement |
No |
No |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Service learning |
No |
No |
No |
Yes |
Yes/No |
| Yes | Yes/No | Yes | Yes | Yes/No |