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Solidago plumosa Small is known from one location, a short stretch of the Yadkin River, Stanley Co., North Carolina.  It was thought to be extinct but was rediscovered in 1994. See  for a detailed description. Solidago plumosa is distinguished by having linear lanceolate middle and upper stem leaves, multiple peduncle bracts, and glabrous cypselae.  

The species is diploid (2n=18) (Peirson et al. 2012). Semple and Cook (2022) published cytogeography maps for S. plumosa and related species.

Semple et al. (2019) presented a multivariate analysis of all 13 species included in S.Ìý²õ³Ü²ú²õ±ð³¦³Ù.ÌýHumiles at that time.  Solidago plumosa was included in the 12 and 11 species analyses (100 % and 100% correct placment a posteriori) and in the analysis of the 4 species native to the southeastern US (100% correct placment a posteriori).  Semple and Beck (2021) placed S. plumosa in S. subsect. Erectae.  In the polygenomic DNA study of Solidago (Semple et al. 2023), S. plumosa was placed at the base of the clade including S. jejunifolia, S. pallida, and S. rigidiuscula.

Peirson, J.A., A.A. Reznicek, & J.C. Semple. 2012. Polyploidy, speciation, and infraspecific cytotype variation in goldenrods: the cytogeography of SolidagoÌý²õ³Ü²ú²õ±ð³¦³Ù¾±´Ç²ÔÌýHumiles (Asteraceae: Astereae) in North America. Taxon: 61: 197-210.

Semple, J.C., K. Kornobis, A. Mazzorato, G.S. Ringius, and J.A. Peirson. 2019. A multivariate morphometric analysis of Solidago subsect. Humiles (Asteraceae: Astereae).  Phytoneuron 2019-25: 1–61.

Semple, J.C. and J.B. Beck. 2021. A revised infrageneric classification of Solidago (Asteraceae: Astereae). Phytoneuron 2021‑10. 1‑6.

Semple, J.C. and R.E. Cook. 2022. The cytogeography of Solidago²õ±ð³¦³Ù.ÌýErectae, ²õ±ð³¦³Ù.ÌýVillosicarpae, ²õ±ð³¦³Ù.ÌýSquarrosae, and ²õ±ð³¦³Ù.ÌýBrintonia (Asteraceae: Astereae).  Taxonomy 2: 261–278.

Semple, J.C., McMinn-Sauder, H., Stover, M., Lemmon, A., Lemmon E., and J. B. Beck. 2023. Goldenrod herbariomics: Hybrid-sequence capture reveals the phylogeny of diploid Solidago. Amer. J. Bot. 110(7): e16164.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16164

Last revised 7 April 2025 by J.C. Semple     

© 2025 J.C. Semple, including all photographs unless otherwise indicated