@article {10992292,
	title = {Two-Stage Real-Time Carbon Emission Monitoring for Low-Carbon Power System Operation: A Graph Neural Network-Based Approach},
	journal = {Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems},
	volume = {10},
	number = {3},
	year = {2025},
	pages = {166-183},
	keywords = {Accuracy, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon emission flow (CEF), graph neural network, Graph neural networks, Load flow, low-carbon power system, Monitoring, Power demand, power systems, power transmission networks, Real-time systems, Topology, Training},
	doi = {10.23919/PCMP.2023.000172},
	author = {Zhu, Zixuan and Wang, Ruoheng and Bu, Siqi and Guglielmi, Roberto}
}