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±Ê°ù´Ç´Ú±ð²õ²õ´Ç°ù²õÌý (C&O) and (Roskilde University, Denmark) have found a Hamiltonian tour through the three-dimensional positions of over two million stars, as obtained from the European Space Agency's . The total length of the tour is 94,208,157.5 light years and, most remarkably, has been proven to be within a factor of 0.0000074 of the shortest possible tour. Bill and Keld write that "it's like a New York to Los Angles road trip guaranteed to be within half a city block of the optimal cross-country drive."

The tour was found using an array of heuristic-search techniques for solving the (TSP). The quality guarantee was obtained by a linear programming, cutting-plane method. More details can be found .Ìý

Bill and Keld's work has been featured in .